Biocolonisation and systems monitoring

The rapid expansion of offshore renewable energies, particularly floating offshore wind, is driving the large-scale deployment of artificial structures at sea. Once installed, these structures are quickly colonized by marine organisms, leading to biofouling and the development of the reef effect. This dual phenomenon presents both engineering and environmental challenges.

From an engineering perspective, biocolonisation alters structural mass and hydrodynamic behaviour that can directly affect the performance and durability of critical components such as mooring lines and dynamic power cables. It can increase fatigue, accelerate material degradation, and challenge design assumptions. From an environmental standpoint, these structures act as artificial reefs, modifying local ecosystems, species distribution, and trophic interactions. While potentially enhancing biodiversity, they also raise questions about long-term ecological impacts.

However, current research is hindered by the limited data available from offshore sites, making it difficult to comprehensively understand and address these issues. As a result, there is a pressing need for detailed studies and innovative solutions to both manage and mitigate the effects of biofouling, ensuring the sustainable deployment of offshore renewable energies.